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MariaDB to Redshift: CDC via Apache Iceberg

MariaDB to Redshift usually means a Database Migration Service (DMS) task, Debezium through Kafka, or a nightly export and COPY. This guide takes a fourth route. OLake Go reads the MariaDB binary log and commits the changes as Apache Iceberg tables into the AWS Glue Data Catalog, with the files in your own S3 bucket.

Redshift maps the Glue database onto an external schema and queries the tables in place. Nothing else is in the path: no DMS, no Kafka, no load job. Athena and DuckDB read the same tables through the same catalog.

By Shubham Satish BaldavaUpdated October 30, 2026

Key takeaways

  • OLake Go replicates MariaDB into Iceberg tables in the Glue Data Catalog: a full historical snapshot first, then change data capture (CDC) from the binlog, with no DMS or Debezium in between. OLake Go reads MariaDB through its MySQL connector, so every step applies as written.
  • Redshift reads the Glue database through one CREATE EXTERNAL SCHEMA statement, with no refresh. Every change a sync commits is visible on the next query, on Serverless and RA3 alike.
  • The same tables, written once by OLake Go, are also queryable from Athena and DuckDB. In the run on this page all three engines returned identical rows.

The short answer. To replicate MariaDB to Redshift with change data capture (CDC), run OLake Go with MariaDB's binary log as the source and the AWS Glue Data Catalog as the Iceberg destination. Set the upsert type to Positional Deletes, the format Redshift reads.

The first sync copies each table in full (the historical snapshot); every later sync replays inserts, updates and deletes from the binlog. Redshift, Athena and DuckDB then query the same Iceberg tables, with no second copy.

How MariaDB CDC reaches Redshift here​

Two things happen in order, and OLake Go does both on its own. The first sync records the current binlog position. Then it reads each table in parallel chunks and writes Parquet data files: that is the historical load.

Every later sync opens the binlog at the saved position and replays the inserts, updates and deletes since. Nothing written during the snapshot is lost, and there is no separate backfill job.

Each sync ends with one commit to Glue. OLake Go uploads the data and delete files to the bucket, then updates the table's metadata pointer in the Glue database. Redshift, Athena and DuckDB see the new snapshot on their next query; none of them keeps a copy.

One thing to keep an eye on: the binlog is MariaDB's replay window. MariaDB deletes binlog files after binlog_expire_logs_seconds.

A job paused for longer than that cannot resume and needs a fresh snapshot. Keep retention longer than your longest planned pause, and alert on SHOW BINARY LOGS size if disk is tight.

What you need​

  • MariaDB 10.5 or later with the binlog on in ROW format and a user that can read it. The tables on this page ran on MariaDB 11.8 in Docker. Hosted MariaDB on Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS), Azure Database for MariaDB or SkySQL works the same way; step 1 links the setup guides. OLake Go reads MariaDB through its MySQL connector, so every MariaDB step on this page applies as written.
  • An AWS account with an S3 bucket for the files and an IAM user or role for OLake Go with Glue and S3 permissions. The run on this page used a bucket and a scoped IAM user in ap-southeast-1.
  • Amazon Redshift, Serverless or an RA3 cluster, with an IAM role attached that can read Glue and the bucket. The run on this page used a Serverless workgroup at 8 RPU.
  • OLake UI from the Docker Compose install. The run on this page used OLake Go v1.1.0.
  • Docker, and about 40 minutes.

Step 1: Prepare MariaDB for CDC​

Most readers point OLake Go at tables they already have. If you want to follow along with the exact data from this page, create these two tables first:

The two sample tables used on this page
Sample schema
CREATE TABLE customers (
  id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  name VARCHAR(100), email VARCHAR(200), city VARCHAR(100), tier VARCHAR(20),
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP);

CREATE TABLE orders (
  id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
  customer_id INT, product VARCHAR(100), amount DECIMAL(10,2), status VARCHAR(20),
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  FOREIGN KEY (customer_id) REFERENCES customers(id));

-- Then insert whatever you like. This page started with 8 customers and 40 orders.

OLake Go reads MySQL changes from the binary log (binlog), the same stream MySQL replicas use. Four things must be in place on the server before the first sync.

SettingValueWhy it matters
log_binON with a server_idWithout a binlog MySQL records no row changes, so there is nothing to replicate. Changing it needs a restart.
binlog_formatROWStatement-based logging does not carry the row images OLake Go needs.
binlog_row_metadataFULLAdds column names and types to every event, so OLake Go can map changes to columns after a schema change.
Replication userSELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENTThe snapshot reads the tables; the change stream reads the binlog.
On the MySQL server
-- 1. Binary logging: put these in my.cnf (or the parameter group on managed MySQL) and restart
--    server-id = 1
--    log_bin = mysql-bin
--    binlog_format = ROW
--    binlog_row_metadata = FULL
--    binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800   -- keep 7 days, so a paused job can catch up
--    gtid_mode = ON, enforce_gtid_consistency = ON   -- optional; gives microsecond _cdc_timestamp

-- 2. A user for OLake Go
CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'olake'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '<password>';
GRANT SELECT, REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'olake'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

-- 3. Table statistics: the chunked snapshot plans its chunks from them
ANALYZE TABLE customers, orders;

Check the result before moving on:

sql
SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_name IN ('log_bin', 'binlog_format', 'binlog_row_metadata', 'server_id');
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'olake'@'%';

Managed MySQL sets these through a parameter group or server setting rather than my.cnf. Each flavour has its own guide:

Where MySQL runsGuide
Amazon RDSRDS MySQL CDC setup
Amazon AuroraAurora MySQL CDC setup
Azure Database for MySQLAzure MySQL CDC setup
Google Cloud SQLCloud SQL MySQL CDC setup
Your own server or VMGeneric MySQL CDC setup
Docker, for a local testLocal MySQL with Docker Compose
Binlog retention is your replay window

MySQL deletes binlog files after binlog_expire_logs_seconds. If a job is paused longer than that, the next sync cannot find its saved position and needs a fresh full snapshot. Keep retention longer than your longest planned pause.

Step 2: Set up the Glue catalog​

Redshift reads Iceberg tables through a catalog. AWS Glue Data Catalog is the one this page uses: OLake Go creates a Glue database per job and registers each table there. The files sit in your S3 bucket.

Redshift, Athena, Amazon Elastic MapReduce (EMR) and DuckDB all read from the same catalog. Redshift reaches it through an external schema, with the IAM role attached to the workgroup or cluster.

CatalogOLake Go writesAmazon Redshift readsVerified on this page
AWS GlueYesYes: external schema from the Glue Data CatalogYes, end to end

AWS Glue Data Catalog is the default catalog in OLake Go. The tables live as Parquet and metadata files in an S3 bucket you own, and Glue holds the pointer to the current metadata file. Athena, Redshift, EMR, Spark and DuckDB read the same tables through Glue, which is why it is the catalog to pick when more than one AWS engine will read the data.

You need:

  • An S3 bucket for the table files, in the region where your engines run.
  • An IAM user or role for OLake Go with Glue and S3 permissions. The exact policy is on the AWS Glue catalog page.
  • No Glue database in advance: OLake Go creates one per job, named after the source database and schema (for example pg_to_snowflake_shop_public).

Glue has no built-in compaction for tables written by external engines, so plan on OLake Fusion or Spark for maintenance once the change volume grows.

The run on this page gave OLake Go a scoped IAM user with this inline policy. Redshift got a role with AmazonS3ReadOnlyAccess and read access to Glue:

IAM policy for the OLake Go user (replace the bucket, region and account)
{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["s3:ListBucket", "s3:GetBucketLocation"], "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::<bucket>" },
    { "Effect": "Allow", "Action": ["s3:GetObject", "s3:PutObject", "s3:DeleteObject", "s3:AbortMultipartUpload", "s3:ListMultipartUploadParts"], "Resource": "arn:aws:s3:::<bucket>/*" },
    { "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": ["glue:GetDatabase", "glue:GetDatabases", "glue:CreateDatabase", "glue:GetTable", "glue:GetTables", "glue:CreateTable", "glue:UpdateTable", "glue:DeleteTable"],
      "Resource": ["arn:aws:glue:<region>:<account>:catalog", "arn:aws:glue:<region>:<account>:database/*", "arn:aws:glue:<region>:<account>:table/*/*"] }
  ]
}

Step 3: Connect MariaDB to OLake Go​

  1. In the OLake UI, open Sources and click Create Source. Pick MySQL as the connector, give the source a name and keep the OLake Go version on the latest release.
  2. Under Change data capture (CDC), leave Enable CDC on. The default Initial Wait Time is fine; raise it only if the binlog is large and the next sync times out while finding its saved position.
  3. Under Connection details, fill in the host, port, database name, username and password. Keep TLS off for a local test; on managed MySQL use the provider's certificate.
  4. Click Set up source. OLake Go tests the connection, then checks the binlog prerequisites (binlog_access, log_bin, binlog_format, binlog_row_metadata) and shows the current and recommended value for anything that fails.

Here is the source form from the run on this page. MariaDB ran in another container, so the host is host.docker.internal on port 3307; the connector is MySQL, which is how OLake Go reads MariaDB, and the user is the replication user from step 1.

OLake UI Edit source form for MariaDB through the MySQL connector on OLake Go v1.1.0 with Enable CDC on, initial wait time 10, host host.docker.internal, port 3307, database shop, user olake and SSL disabled
The MariaDB source in OLake UI, through the MySQL connector: Enable CDC on, with the replication user from step 1.

Set up source runs the connection test and the binlog checks (binlog_access, log_bin, binlog_format, binlog_row_metadata) before anything is saved. When one fails, the dialog names the setting and its recommended value.

The full field reference, including SSL and SSH tunnels, is on the MySQL connector page.

Step 4: Configure the Iceberg destination​

  1. Open Destinations and click Create Destination.
  2. Pick Apache Iceberg as the connector and AWS Glue as the catalog type.
  3. Enter the S3 path, the AWS region and the access key pair (or leave the keys empty to use the instance role).
  4. Click Create.
ParameterSample ValueDescription
S3 Path
required		s3://<BUCKET_NAME>/S3 bucket path where Iceberg table data and metadata files will be stored.
AWS Region
required		ap-south-1AWS Region where your S3 bucket and Glue Data Catalog exist. Required so OLake Go calls the correct regional S3 and Glue endpoints.
AWS Access KeyXXXAWS access key ID for authentication. Optional if using IAM roles or instance profiles.

If using IAM:
Docker Compose: add the required IAM environment variables under x-envs in your compose file. See Service Environment Variables for setup details.
Kubernetes: set up pod IAM in Cloud Integration.
AWS Secret KeyXXXAWS secret access key for authentication. Optional if using IAM roles or instance profiles.

If using IAM:
Docker Compose: add the required IAM environment variables under x-envs in your compose file. See Service Environment Variables for setup details.
Kubernetes: set up pod IAM in Cloud Integration.
S3 Endpointhttps://glue.ap-south-1.amazonaws.comS3 API endpoint for writing Iceberg data files. Optional for AWS S3 but required for S3-compatible storage like MinIO.
Custom Glue Endpoint Configurationtrue/falseEnable custom Glue catalog configuration when Glue catalog settings differ from S3 (different credentials, region, or endpoint). Shows additional Glue configuration fields. Leave off when Glue and S3 use the same AWS setup.
Enable Arrow Writestrue/falseWrites data and delete files using Apache Arrow based writer and registers them in Iceberg.

The following fields appear in the UI after Custom Glue Endpoint Configuration is turned on. Configure Glue catalog connection settings here separately from the S3 fields above.

ParameterSample ValueDescription
Glue Catalog ID123456789012AWS account ID used as the Glue Data Catalog identifier.
Glue Access KeyXXXAccess key for authenticating Glue catalog requests. Required when Glue credentials differ from S3 credentials.
Glue Secret KeyXXXSecret key for authenticating Glue catalog requests. Required when Glue credentials differ from S3 credentials.
Glue Endpointhttps://glue.ap-south-1.amazonaws.comCustom endpoint URL for AWS Glue or a Glue-compatible catalog service.
Glue Regionap-south-1Region for the Glue catalog, if different from the S3 region. Falls back to AWS Region if not set.

Here is the destination form from the run on this page. It holds the bucket path OLake Go writes under, the region of the bucket and the Glue catalog, and the access key pair of the IAM user from step 2.

OLake UI Edit destination form for Apache Iceberg with catalog type AWS Glue, an S3 path under the lab bucket, region ap-southeast-1 and an access key pair
The Glue destination in OLake UI: the S3 path, the region and the keys of the scoped IAM user.

Step 5: Create the job and run the first sync​

Redshift is not in OLake Go's target engine picker yet. This job therefore lists Athena and DuckDB as target engines and sets the upsert type to Positional Deletes by hand.

That is the format Redshift reads, and both listed engines read it too. Each stream runs as Full Refresh + CDC, so the binlog carries every change after the snapshot.

  1. Open Jobs and click Create Job. Give it a name and a schedule. Every Day at a fixed hour, or a cron expression, both work; the schedule is how often the change stream is drained, not how often a full copy runs.
  2. Select the source and the destination you created.
  3. Under Advanced Settings, set Target Query Engines to AWS Athena and DuckDB (Redshift is not in the list yet; it reads what Athena reads). OLake Go then resolves an Iceberg delete format every one of those engines can read, so you never pick one by hand.
  4. Click Next. OLake Go discovers the tables and opens the Streams page.
  5. Tick the tables to replicate. For each one, set the sync mode to Full Refresh + CDC and the ingestion mode to Upsert. Leave the Upsert Type as OLake Go resolved it (Positional Deletes in the run on this page).
  6. Click Create Job, then open the job's menu and choose Sync Now for the first run.

OLake Go offers every delete format Athena and DuckDB both read. The run on this page picked Positional Deletes from that list because Redshift reads Iceberg v2 tables with positional deletes and nothing else.

OLake UI Streams Selection page with the shop database, customers and orders selected, sync mode Full Refresh + CDC, ingestion mode Upsert and upsert type Positional Deletes on Iceberg format version V2
Each stream: Full Refresh + CDC, Upsert, and Positional Deletes as the upsert type. The Iceberg DB name at the top is editable.
OLake UI Job Logs and History for mariadb_to_redshift showing two completed syncs, the first in 16 seconds and the second in 14 seconds
Job history: the 16 s historical snapshot, then the 14 s change-only sync.

On this page the first run copied 8 customers and 40 orders (48 records, 2.10 KB) and finished in 16 seconds, container start included. OLake Go names the Glue database after the job and the source database, so mariadb_to_redshift on database shop produced mariadb_to_redshift_shop. The Iceberg DB field at the top of the Streams page changes it before the first sync.

Step 6: Query the tables in Redshift​

Redshift reads the Glue Data Catalog through an external schema: one statement maps a Glue database onto a schema name in your Redshift database, and every Iceberg table OLake Go commits there is queryable at once, with no refresh. Redshift Serverless and RA3 clusters both do this; the IAM role attached to the namespace or cluster needs read access to Glue and to the bucket.

Redshift query editor v2
-- Once: map the Glue database OLake Go created (schema = <job name>_<source database>_<source schema>)
CREATE EXTERNAL SCHEMA lakehouse
FROM DATA CATALOG
DATABASE 'mariadb_to_redshift_shop'
IAM_ROLE default;

-- Then query the Iceberg tables like any other schema
SELECT id, name, city, tier FROM lakehouse.customers ORDER BY id;
SELECT status, count(*) AS n, round(sum(amount), 2) AS total
FROM lakehouse.orders GROUP BY status ORDER BY status;

IAM_ROLE default uses the default role of the namespace (Serverless) or cluster; name a role ARN instead when you keep several. Redshift reads Iceberg v2 tables with positional deletes, which is why the job on this page uses that upsert type. The external schema is read-only: OLake Go is the writer, and INSERT or DELETE on these tables fails.

OLake Go adds four columns to every table: _olake_id (a hash of the primary key), _op_type, _olake_timestamp and _cdc_timestamp. _op_type is r for a row from the first snapshot, c for an insert, u for an update and d for a delete. Filter them out of dashboards, or use them to see when a row last changed.

Redshift query editor v2 in the AWS console running the customers query on the Serverless workgroup and returning 10 rows with id, name, city and tier
Redshift Serverless reading the customers table through the external schema after the change sync in query editor v2: 10 rows, one per key.

Step 7: Change rows in MariaDB and sync again​

To see the change path work, the run on this page made 12 changes in MariaDB after the first sync:

Changes made in MariaDB between the two syncs
INSERT INTO customers (name, email, city, tier) VALUES
  ('Maya Patel', 'maya@example.com', 'Pune', 'silver'),
  ('Lucas Silva', 'lucas@example.com', 'São Paulo', 'bronze');
INSERT INTO orders (customer_id, product, amount, status) VALUES
  (9, 'Laptop', 1299.00, 'placed'), (9, 'Mouse', 25.50, 'placed'),
  (10, 'Monitor', 349.99, 'placed'), (3, 'Keyboard', 89.00, 'placed'), (7, 'Webcam', 79.90, 'placed');
UPDATE customers SET tier = 'gold'      WHERE name = 'Liam Carter';
UPDATE customers SET city = 'Abu Dhabi' WHERE name = 'Zara Ali';
UPDATE orders    SET status = 'delivered' WHERE id IN (1, 4, 7);

The second sync read 12 records (563 bytes) from the binlog and finished in 14 seconds end to end. For customers that meant one new data file with 4 rows: 2 inserts plus the new versions of 2 updated rows.

One small positional delete file retires the 2 old versions. OLake Go's commit report in the sync log shows it directly: addedDataFiles=1, addedRecords=4, addedPositionalDeleteFiles=1, addedPositionalDeletes=2. The orders table has the same shape with 8 rows and 3 deletes.

OLake UI sync log filtered to the Iceberg commit report, showing addedDataFiles 1, addedPositionalDeleteFiles 1, addedRecords and addedPositionalDeletes for the change-only sync
The change-only sync in the OLake UI log: one data file and one positional delete file per table.

Redshift shows the result on the next query, with no refresh and no ALTER TABLE. Liam Carter is gold, Zara Ali moved to Abu Dhabi, and the two new customers are there.

The two retired versions are gone, because Redshift applies the positional deletes while reading. The _op_type column shows how each row arrived: r for the snapshot, c for the inserts and u for the updates.

Schema changes. When a column is added in MariaDB, OLake Go adds it to the Iceberg table on the next sync. The Glue table definition is updated in the same commit, and Redshift shows it on the next query of the external schema. Widening changes (int to bigint, float to double) are applied.

Narrowing or incompatible type changes fail the sync rather than corrupt the table. binlog_row_metadata = FULL is what lets OLake Go see the new column names in the binlog. Full rules are on the schema evolution page.

Query the same tables from Athena and DuckDB​

This is the point of writing Iceberg instead of loading Redshift tables. Nothing is exported, copied or refreshed: both engines read the files OLake Go wrote, through the same Glue database.

Athena reads the Glue Data Catalog natively: the Glue database OLake Go created shows up in the query editor's database list, and the Iceberg tables in it need no registration and no refresh. Pick a workgroup with a query result location in S3, select the database, and query.

Athena query editor (database: the one OLake Go created)
SELECT id, name, city, tier FROM mariadb_to_redshift_shop.customers ORDER BY id;
SELECT status, count(*) AS n, round(sum(amount), 2) AS total
FROM mariadb_to_redshift_shop.orders GROUP BY status ORDER BY status;

Athena engine v3 reads Iceberg v2 tables with positional and equality deletes, and cannot read v3 tables at all. Keep the job on positional or equality deletes, never deletion vectors, while Athena is a reader. From the command line, aws athena start-query-execution --work-group <workgroup> --query-execution-context Database=${props.schema ?? 'postgres_to_redshift_shop_public'} --query-string "..." runs the same queries; aws athena get-query-results returns the rows.

Athena query editor in the AWS console running the customers query on the mariadb_to_redshift_shop database and returning 10 rows
Athena reading the same table through Glue: the same 10 rows.

An orders roll-up matched MariaDB to the cent in all three engines. It gave 16 delivered orders for 8659.68, 18 placed for 10522.26, 11 shipped for 6397.25.

Data types: MariaDB to Iceberg to Redshift​

OLake Go maps MariaDB types to Iceberg types, and Redshift maps Iceberg types to its own through the external schema. Most columns pass through unchanged; three groups are worth knowing about.

MariaDBIceberg (written by OLake Go)Redshift showsNotes
int, mediumint, smallint, tinyint (signed or unsigned)intINTEGERThe id and customer_id columns on this page arrived as INTEGER.
bigint, bigint unsignedlongBIGINT
decimal(p,s), float, double, realdoubleDOUBLE PRECISIONOLake Go stores decimals as doubles. The orders.amount sums on this page matched MariaDB to the cent in every engine; round at query time when you need exact decimal arithmetic.
datetime, timestamptimestamptz (UTC)TIMESTAMPdatetime has no zone in MariaDB; it is read as UTC and shown without a zone.
char, varchar, text family, enum, json, time, bit(1)stringVARCHARParse json with Redshift's JSON_PARSE or json_extract_path_text. time arrives as text.
binary(n), varbinary, blob familyfixed[n] or binaryVARBYTEKeep large binaries out of the sync.

MariaDB types in the table come from the MySQL connector reference, which OLake Go uses for MariaDB. The Redshift side comes from the Redshift Iceberg page (checked 2026-10-30) and from svv_external_columns on the tables of this run.

Cost and maintenance​

  • Storage is your bucket: you pay S3 rates for the Parquet and delete files, and nothing to Glue beyond its per-object pricing for the table entries.
  • Compute. OLake Go runs wherever you run Docker. Redshift Serverless bills RPU-hours only while queries run; a query over the external schema scans the Parquet files in S3 through Redshift Spectrum, so filter on the columns you need. Athena bills per terabyte scanned.
  • Maintenance. Glue has no built-in compaction for tables written by external engines. A CDC table that gets a new small file and delete file per sync wants compaction; OLake Fusion does this for the catalogs OLake Go writes to, and Spark on EMR's rewrite_data_files works through the same Glue catalog.
  • Binlog disk. Seven days of binlog on a busy server can be tens of gigabytes. Size the volume for it, or shorten retention once the job runs reliably every hour.
  • Key rotation. The IAM user's access key is what OLake Go writes with. Rotate it on your schedule, or run OLake Go on an instance with a role and leave the key fields empty.

Troubleshooting​

1. The first sync stops with a statistics error​

failed to get or split chunks: stats not populated for table[shop.orders]. Please run ANALYZE TABLE to update table statistics

OLake Go plans the parallel snapshot from information_schema row estimates. A freshly created or freshly loaded table has none. Run ANALYZE TABLE <table>; for each table in the job, then sync again.

2. The source test fails on the binlog​

binlog_format: current STATEMENT, recommended ROW

The test dialog names the setting. binlog_format and binlog_row_metadata can be changed at runtime with SET GLOBAL.

Put them in my.cnf (or the parameter group) too, or they revert on restart. log_bin itself needs a restart.

3. The next sync cannot find its binlog position​

idle timeout reached, exiting binlog syncer

Two causes. If binlog_expire_logs_seconds already removed the saved binlog file, run a fresh full snapshot and lengthen retention.

If the file exists but the server is slow to seek to the position, raise Initial Wait Time on the source. 10 seconds was enough for the two-table database on this page.

4. The destination test fails on a table OLake Go did not create​

User: arn:aws:iam::<account>:user/<olake user> is not authorized to perform: s3:GetObject on resource: "arn:aws:s3:::<another bucket>/.../test_olake.db/test_olake/metadata/00000-....metadata.json"

OLake Go's destination test opens a probe table called test_olake.test_olake in the Glue database test_olake. An earlier run in the same account and region may have left that table behind, pointing at a bucket your user cannot read.

The test then fails before it writes anything. Delete the stale table from Glue, or run OLake Go against a region whose Glue catalog does not have it.

5. Redshift cannot see the external schema's tables​

ERROR: Database 'mariadb_to_redshift_shop' does not exist in the Glue Data Catalog

The external schema was created before the first sync, or in a different region from the Glue database. OLake Go creates the Glue database on the first sync; create the external schema after it, in the workgroup's region.

How this compares with other ways to move MariaDB data to Redshift
MethodFreshnessUpdates and deletesWhere the data landsWhat you run
AWS DMS to Redshift with the MariaDB sourceCDC through the binlogYesNative Redshift tablesA DMS replication instance and task, plus an S3 staging bucket
Debezium, Kafka and a Redshift sinkSecondsYes, with your own merge logicKafka topics, then Redshift tablesKafka, Kafka Connect, Debezium and a sink connector per table
Export (mariadb-dump or SELECT INTO OUTFILE), then COPY into RedshiftHours to dailyNo; full reloads onlyNative Redshift tablesA script, a scheduler and a staging bucket
Managed ELT (Fivetran, Estuary, Airbyte Cloud)Minutes, by planVaries by toolRedshift tables, a second copy you pay to move and storeNothing; priced per row, per GB or per connector
OLake Go to Iceberg on Glue (this guide)CDC on a schedule down to one minuteYes, as Iceberg row-level deletesApache Iceberg tables that Redshift, Athena, EMR, Spark and DuckDB all readOne Docker Compose stack, open source; your bucket plus your own compute

DMS is the simpler choice when Redshift is the only reader and you are already on AWS. Writing Iceberg once avoids paying to move and store a second copy. That matters as soon as Athena, EMR or a notebook needs the same rows, or you want to own the files.

When not to use this​

  • Every query must hit native Redshift speed. Spectrum reads Parquet from S3 on every query. Keep the Iceberg tables as the source and load the hot slice into a native table on a schedule.
  • You need equality deletes or deletion vectors. Redshift reads positional deletes only. Keep the upsert type on Positional Deletes while Redshift is a reader.
  • Tables have no primary key. Inserts replicate; updates and deletes cannot be matched to a row and are not applied. Add a primary key or a unique index first.

FAQs​

How do I replicate MariaDB to Redshift without DMS?

Run OLake Go (open source, Apache 2.0) against a MariaDB server with row-based binary logging on, and point it at the AWS Glue Data Catalog with an S3 bucket. The first sync copies the tables in full, every later sync replays only the changes from the binlog, and Redshift reads the result through an external schema over the Glue database. DMS, Kafka, Debezium and a Redshift load job are not needed. OLake Go reads MariaDB through its MySQL connector, so the setup is the same as for MySQL.

Does Redshift read Iceberg tables with row-level deletes?

Yes. Redshift reads Iceberg v2 tables with positional deletes through Redshift Spectrum, on Serverless and RA3. The run on this page used positional deletes and Redshift returned one row per key after the updates. Equality deletes and Iceberg v3 tables with deletion vectors are not the right pick while Redshift is a reader.

Does OLake Go copy the existing MariaDB data before it starts reading the binlog?

Yes, automatically. A job in Full Refresh + CDC mode records the binlog position, copies every selected table in parallel chunks, then switches to the binlog from that position. Nothing written during the copy is lost, and there is no separate backfill job.

Is Redshift one of OLake Go's target query engines?

Not in the picker yet. On this page the job lists Athena and DuckDB as target engines and sets the upsert type to Positional Deletes by hand, which is the format Redshift reads. Redshift then reads the tables through the external schema like any other Iceberg v2 table.

Does MariaDB CDC with OLake Go work on Amazon RDS, Azure or SkySQL?

Yes, as long as the binlog is on with row format. Managed MariaDB sets binlog_format, binlog_row_metadata and retention through a parameter group or server parameter instead of my.cnf; the MySQL setup guides on this site apply, because OLake Go reads MariaDB through the MySQL connector. On RDS for MariaDB the binlog is on once automated backups are enabled; set binlog_format to ROW in the parameter group.

Which MariaDB data types change on the way to Redshift?

decimal columns become Iceberg double and show up in Redshift as DOUBLE PRECISION, so round at query time when you need exact decimal arithmetic. datetime and timestamp become TIMESTAMP in UTC. int stays INTEGER, bigint BIGINT, and varchar, text, json, enum and time arrive as VARCHAR.

How much binlog does MariaDB need to keep for OLake Go?

Enough to cover your longest pause. OLake Go saves the binlog position after every sync and resumes from it; if MariaDB has already expired that file, the next sync cannot resume and needs a fresh snapshot. Seven days (binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 604800) is a safe default for a job that runs at least daily.

MariaDB to SnowflakeSame source, read from Snowflake.MariaDB to BigQuerySame source, read from BigQuery.MariaDB to DatabricksSame source, read from Databricks.Postgres to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from Postgres.Oracle to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from Oracle.Kafka to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from Kafka.MySQL to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from MySQL.MongoDB to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from MongoDB.S3 to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from S3.SQL Server to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from SQL Server.DB2 to Amazon RedshiftSame engine, replicated from DB2.MariaDB connector referenceEvery field, sync mode and troubleshooting note for the source.Query engine compatibilityWhich engines read which catalogs and delete formats.All integrationsEvery source and engine pair with a tested guide.

Deeper reading on this site: